Christians and Alcohol: Is It Permitted?
Many Christians struggle to decide if they are permitted to use alcohol given that their faith teaches a philosophy of balance and abstinence. Alcohol is a widely available, socially accepted substance, but Christianity takes a dim view of drunkenness, and has a strict stance on when and how much alcohol, if any, is permissible. To address the question- can Christians drink? – it’s important to understand both the history and context of Christianity’s views, as well as how modern Christians are weighing and interpreting their faith’s teachings.
Since biblical times, certain forms of intoxication and activities involving intoxication have been viewed with some ambivalence, while outright drunkenness has consistently been looked upon with scorn and opprobrium. With its teachings of moderation, Christianity made a strong case against drinking more than you can handle, and for some denominations, that meant no drinking whatsoever. Several biblical figures, such as Noah, Abraham, and Jesus all appear to have consumed wine, and other references to alcohol consumption abound in the Bible – from parables to warnings.
Though the Bible speaks to alcohol consumption and its effects relatively generally, scholars have weighed in with a more detailed interpretation of the scriptures. In general, the most authoritative interpretations of the Bible’s passages have come to the conclusion that drinking is acceptable in moderation, and even in celebrated religious ceremonies. Abstinence, however, remains the ideal, and there are a number of Christian denominations and sects that still adhere to this principle.
Many modern people of faith find themselves at a crossroads: they want to adhere to their religious principles while also participating fully in the activities of the world around them, which often involve parties, bars, and drinks. In response to this tension, some in the Christian community employ other methods in interpreting and applying the biblical teachings on alcohol.
Based on their understanding of the teachings on Temperance, many Christians accept the idea of temperance – the moderation of the use of alcohol – rather than the absolute prohibition of alcohol. Others observe what is known as ‘Sober Sunday,’ a day when they abstain from alcohol in order to observe the religious principles of their faith. Yet others argue that alcohol consumption is only sinful when it leads to excessive drinking, and they strive to moderate their consumption accordingly.
Christian Attitudes to Drinking in Secular Society
In the secular world, there is an increasing acceptance of alcohol consumption, particularly in the United States, where many state laws adhere to a three-tier system of retail, production, and distribution. This has allowed for a wide variety of alcoholic beverage options to be available to consumers, and as such, Christians living in secular society now have the opportunity to make a choice of whether or not to partake in such activities.
Given the growing acceptance of alcohol in the modern world, some Christian denominations have relaxed their stances on consumption, allowing for members of their congregations to enjoy themselves in moderation. Other denominations still maintain their more traditional views on consumption, adhering to the “no drinking” approach.
The Christian Church does not condone drunkenness – Biblically stated, “do not get drunk” – but there is debate around the meaning of “drunk” and the circumstances in which drinking alcohol is permissible.
Many Christians interpret the prohibition on drunkenness to mean that drinking should be done in moderation; that is, only when the drinker is sober and aware of the effects of alcohol on the body. Others view the Bible as forbidding drinking under any circumstance, and choose to abstain completely.
The Role of Moderation
Regardless of denomination, many members of the Christian faith agree that moderation is the key when it comes to responsible drinking.
This idea of moderation can be found Christianity’s oldest texts, such as Proverbs, which stresses the importance of drinking in moderation: “Let not your heart be so attached to wine, lest you be trapped into committing some sort of immoral act,” (Proverbs 23:31).
Similarly, in the New Testament, Paul the Apostle discussed the importance of moderation, advising the Thessalonians to “not over indulge in wine” (Thessalonians 5:6 – 8). As such, the principle of moderation is deeply rooted in Christian teachings, and those that practice ‘social drinking’ (moderate and responsible use of alcohol) agree that this is a reasonable, and safe way to enjoy occasional alcoholic beverages while still practicing the principles of their faith.
Health Consideration
It should be noted that many factors must be considered, including personal health and medical conditions: anyone who is trying to make the decision of whether or not to drink should consult a physician to understand their individual health risks and make sure they are safe.
Those with a history of alcoholism or a family history of addiction should consult medical professionals and other resources to determine if alcohol consumption is an appropriate choice.
Christian Views of Alcohol Consumption
When determining if one’s faith permits drinking, it is essential to consider the church’s stance on the issue. While interpretations of scripture vary from church to church and from individual to individual, the overwhelming message from Christianity is to drink responsibly and in moderation.
Most Christian denominations will discourage drunkenness and intoxication, but the consumption of alcohol in itself is not viewed as inherently sinful. As such, those looking for a definitive answer to the question of “can Christians drink?” will likely receive a variety of answers depending on which church or sect they are speaking to.
Alcohol Throughout History
Alcohol has existed in some form or another throughout virtually all of human history, it’s a subject that has been examined by people of faith and non-faith alike. From ancient Greek philosopher’s such as Aristotle, who outlined what would be considered the concept of moderation and temperance, to Thomas Aquinas, who argued that moderate drinking was permissible, many of the world’s greatest thinkers have weighed in on the subject.
In today’s culture, alcohol continues to be a topic of discussion, and the debate still rages among many Christian and non-Christian denominations alike. While it’s ultimately up to an individual to determine if drinking is permissible according to their faith, it’s important to have an informed perspective when attempting to make an ethical decision and to consider all sides of the argument before making a decision.
Science & Health Considerations
Independent of faith-based considerations, science has also weighed in on the subject, with an increasing number of studies noting the potential health benefits of moderate drinking, including improved heart health and reduced risk of certain forms of cancer.
On the flip side, there is also a great deal of scientific evidence regarding the potential health risks of excessive drinking, including liver and heart damage, certain cancers, impaired neurological development, and overdose leading to death. With such serious consequences, it is important to stay informed as to the impacts of alcohol on both our mental and physical health, to ensure that all decisions made in regards to drinking are made responsibly and with full knowledge of the effects.
Living Faithfully in the Modern World
In summary, when it comes to making an informed decision regarding alcohol and faith, it is best to be well-informed and aware. Christianity’s views on drinking vary widely, and while some denominations remain staunchly against drinking of any form, others offer their interpretation of the Bible which allows for temperance, or the moderate and responsible use of alcohol.
No matter the individual’s denomination or interpretation of the Bible, the question of how to enjoy life in secular society while still adhering to one’s faith can be a difficult one. Whatever decision is ultimately made, it should be done while having a full understanding of the risks and with the knowledge that any form of excessive drinking is never a good idea.
