The Issue of Cults
Cults are generally defined as groups which deviate from accepted norms and practices of society, usually in the area of religion. They are often led by an individual who claims to have false beliefs and insights that supersede traditional norms and practices. Cults are often subject to criticism by mainstream society, leading to the question of whether such criticism is warranted in the case of Christianity.
Origins of Christianity
Christianity originated in the Middle East around 2000 years ago. Its followers believe in one God, Yahweh, and in the teachings of Jesus Christ. These teachings include faith, love, charity, and humility. Christianity has become a major world religion, with over two billion adherents, making it the largest religion in the world today.
Defining Cults
Cults are notoriously difficult to define. The term cult is often used in an inflammatory manner to refer to any group which espouses beliefs that differ from the traditions of mainstream society. According to most scholars, however, cults are best defined as groups which deviate from traditional belief systems and exhibit forms of ritualistic behavior which are not acceptable to most societies.
Practically speaking
In practical terms, a cult may be defined as a group which exhibits a lack of respect for traditional religious or social norms and which uses coercive behavior or manipulation to gain adherents. Cults often use mind control and coercive tactics such as deprivation of sleep, food, and communication with family to convince believers to accept their beliefs and practices.
Christianity Not Inherently Cultish
Christianity is not a cult by definition. While there are many sects of Christianity which can be considered cults due to their coercive tactics and practices, the vast majority of Christian denominations are simply groups of people who have adopted and adhere to the same set of beliefs as determined by certain books of the Bible. Christianity is one of the oldest and most widely practiced religions in the world, and follows a set of beliefs, teachings, and traditions that have existed for centuries.
The True Issue
At the heart of the issue, then, is not the question of whether Christianity is a cult, but rather whether some of the individual Christian sects and denominations can be considered cults. Unfortunately, some of these sects and denominations do use tactics which are considered to be cultish and which are not accepted by mainstream society.
Questioning Authority
It is important, therefore, to question the motives behind an organization that claims to be Christian. If the organization appears to use coercive tactics and manipulation to convince people to accept their teachings, or if the teachings appear to be drastically different from traditional Christian doctrines, it may be worth questioning the motives and beliefs of such an organization.
Expert Perspectives
Experts have noted that Christianity is not a cult by definition. Scholar David Halivni states, “The fact is, Christianity is a religion of faith, not a cult…. A cult is defined by its methodology and range of ethics; Christianity is defined by its focus on love and acceptance.” Psychologist Paul Vitz echoes these sentiments, suggesting that “Christianity is not a cult. It is a mainstream religion that has been around for centuries.”
Prevalence of Cults
It is important to remember that, while Christianity is not a cult, there is a prevalence of cults within the Christian religion. While most Christian denominations simply follow traditional beliefs and practices, there are some sects and denominations which use tactics which are considered to be cultish.
Considerations When Deciding
It is important to do research on any organization claiming to be a Christian denomination, to ensure that its practices are not cultish. Some factors to consider when researching a particular Christian sect or denomination include the methods used to recruit new members, the way the group addresses dissent, and the manner in which it responds to criticism from outside sources.
Famous Cults Within Christianity
Some of the more famous Christian sects that may be considered cults are the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (Mormons), the Branch Davidians, the Church of Satan, and the Unification Church (“Moonies”). All of these groups have been criticized for their use of controversial practices and false teachings. It is important to remember, however, that they are not representative of the majority of Christian denominations.
Recognizing the Signs
If you are considering joining a Christian denomination, it is important to be aware of the signs of cultic behavior so that you can identify any potentially dangerous groups. Signs to watch out for include the use of coercive tactics, a reliance on faith healing over medical treatment, and the claim to have exclusive possession of “the truth”.
The Role of Independent Thought
It is important to use your own critical thinking skills to evaluate any Christian sect or denomination that you are considering joining. Do not take everything at face value – always challenge the beliefs or doctrines presented to you. Inquire into the group’s history and practices, and do not be afraid to ask questions or voice any doubts or concerns you may have.
Counter Cult Movements
There are various organizations dedicated to counter cult movements, which are designed to help people avoid becoming involved in cults, especially those within the Christian faith. These organizations provide resources and counseling for those who are struggling with their religious beliefs and are seeking to avoid cults.
Educating Yourself
It is also important to educate yourself about cults and the Christian religion. Read books on cults and Christianity, and familiarize yourself with the various sects and denominations. This will help you to understand the differences between cults and mainstream religions, and to recognize any potential cults before they have the chance to harm you or your loved ones.
