Does Christianity Forbid Alcohol?
Alcohol has been widely consumed for centuries, some praise it for its medicinal benefits and for its positive effects on wellbeing, others condemn its existence and believe that it should be completely forbidden from use in all contexts. Christianity is the largest religion in the world, with over 2.2 billion followers, and the tradition has been confronted with the problem of alcohol consumption since the early days of its existence. Whether Christianity still supports the complete inhibition of alcohol consumption or not, is still a topical discussion.
Conventional wisdom would dictate that Christianity opposes all forms of alcohol consumption. However, this is not necessarily the case. While some branches of the faith may outlaw it entirely, others may draw a line between ‘acceptable’ consumption and ‘sinful’ consumption. Historically, the Christian faith generally used an abstentionist approach towards alcohol consumption. This means that alcohol was considered unhealthy, harmful and even sinful to consume. For example, Thomas Aquinas and other theologians from the 13th-14th Century, believed that overindulging in alcoholic beverages would lead to physical, mental and spiritual destruction.
Nevertheless, over the years, opinions on the consumption of alcohol have changed. According to Professor James Walker, lecturer at Coppin State University and author of ‘Christianity and Alcohol: An Abstentionist Perspective’, “The original stance of Christianity towards alcohol was to completely abstain from it. That view has changed over the centuries, as now many denominations of the religion express moderation and temperance has the overall correct way to enjoy alcoholic beverages”.
In fact, some denominations of the faith now promote socially responsible drinking that’s practiced within limits. For example, the Catholic Church now comprehensively acknowledges the merits of moderate alcohol intake. According to a Vatican document, “Alcohol can be taken in moderation and is indeed an important component of many cultures.” Additionally, the Episcopal Church allows its members to consume alcohol “in a temperate, responsible and moderate manner.”
With this being said, there is still a strong moral standing opposed to drinking among some denominations of Christianity. For example, the Assemblies of God, the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints, the Worldwide Church of God and, of course, the Independent Baptist Church all still stand firm that drinking is, at least to some degree, a sin. Moreover, according to author Reverend Harold Bloom, “What the Bible makes most clear: drinking to the point of intoxication is a sin. In other words, it’s ok to drink, but it should be done in moderation and with responsibility.”
Biblical View on Alcohol
Many Christians point to scripture to support either side of the argument. There are verses cited often, such as
Proverbs 23:29-35, to prove that drinking is against the will of God. Other scriptures, like John 2:7-10 are seen as supporting social drinking. Still others, like 1 Corinthians 6:10, show that any level of drunkenness is sinful behavior.
Also, it’s important to point out that Christ and his apostles never drank fermented wine. Wines back then often had little value or effect, making the traditional interpretation of “turning water into wine” more of a refreshment than an alcoholic beverage. In this sense, the majority of biblical teachings condemn the overindulgence of alcoholic beverages, which means that the faith still stands by its traditional beliefs to a certain extent.
Other biblical verses that speak on the topic are 1 Timothy 5:23 and Titus 2:3. Both scriptures demonstrate the Christian belief that believers should abstain from all activities that could cause harm or addiction, including drinking. This view is echoed in the Quran, and in all of the Abrahamic faiths.
Health Benefits of Moderate Drinking
It’s also important to note that there are positive health benefits of moderate drinking. Research published in the Journal of the American Medical Association suggests that moderate drinking:
- Reduces the risk of developing various chronic diseases
- Supports cognitive health
- Decreases the risk of heart-related issues
- Reduces the risk of certain types of cancer
- Improves mental wellbeing and social attitudes
With this being said, the benefits of alcohol consumption should always be weighed against its potential risks – such as an increase in the risk of accidents and unfortunate situations. That’s why it’s important to avoid drinking to the point of intoxication and to have a moderation mindset when consuming alcohol.
Conclusion
In conclusion, while some denominations of the Christian faith still promote an abstentionist approach to alcohol consumption, many others recognize the potential benefits of moderate drinking. Ultimately, it’s up to each individual to decide how to interpret the religious texts on this matter and to decide whether or not consuming alcoholic beverages fits with their code of ethics. Despite the differences in opinion, it’s important for all believers to remember that any form of overindulgence can lead to physical, mental and spiritual destruction.
Cultural Values
Beyond that, it’s worth noting that each culture and tradition adds its own hue when it comes to consuming alcohol. While some abstain from drinking out of fear, some may hold no reservations. Others may find that in the context of a celebration and communal sharing, drinking is acceptable. For example, in Christian weddings and other festive occasions, wine is often served as a symbol of joy and liberty, while champagne is served in Catholic masses and other celebrations of the eucharist.
Clearly, the cultural context of any drinking-related event plays an integral role in determining its appropriateness. According to Professor Walker, “For many Christians, drinking can be morally permissible as long as it’s done within the accepted cultural guidelines, such as, context and boundaries.”
Moralization of Alcohol Consumption
It’s also important to mention that the moralization of alcohol consumption needs to be considered carefully. Research conducted at the University of California, San Diego, suggests that individuals who are moralized about their drinking, such as being told that drinking is “bad” or “immoral”, are more likely to engage in binge drinking and other harmful drinking-related behaviours.
In other words, moral policing of drinking is more likely to lead to further harm than it is to prevent it. According to the researchers, “When participants engaged in moral argumentation, they lost sight of their own internalized belief scales and replaced them with the external belief scales of their peers.” This leads to a confusing mix of personal convictions and the external pressures of social interaction.
The Effects of Alcohol
Finally, it’s essential to consider the effects of alcohol consumption. Studies suggest that overconsumption can lead to issues such as increased risk of cancer, heart disease, liver disease and cognitive decline. Additionally, drinking too much can also lead to a variety of issues: from poor academic performance, to family problems and social isolation.
Therefore, the consequences of excessive drinking should not be overlooked. As Professor Walker mentions, “It’s important for any drinking-related activity to be met with an understanding of potential risks, and a commitment to temperance”.
Religious Climate
Much of the discussion around the consumption of alcohol in a Christian setting centers on the religious climate of the particular institution. While some faith-based organizations may accept moderate drinking, others remain steadfastly opposed to any consumption whatsoever. Ultimately, the stance of each denomination is determined by its own specific beliefs and interpretations of the religious texts. Therefore, each individual needs to make their own decisions when it comes to drinking in a Christian context.
Also, it’s important to remember that for some individuals, abstaining from alcohol is a spiritual journey. For example, many Christians view sobriety from alcohol as a way of developing greater discipline, inner peace and spiritual purity. In the end, each individual needs to decide what stance towards alcohol consumption works best for them and their faith.
